Background
The ISM gas play a crucial role in high energy particle astrophysics as it provides the target for cosmic-ray collisions which
may lead to many of the TeV gamma-ray sources discovered in the Milky Way by HESS
and other TeV telescopes (see TeVCat for a complete list of TeV gamma-ray sources). An important
aspect of this study concerns dense molecular gas. Via the energy dependent diffusion of cosmic-rays into molecular clouds,
quite specific GeV-TeV gamma-ray spectra and morphology can be expected (e.g. Gabici etal 2007) on the arc-minute scales of
molecular cloud cores and clumps. This presents a new way to probe for Galactic cosmic-rays, their origin, as well as the nature of many Galactic unidentified TeV gamma-ray sources.
The focus of our work since 2008 has been to use
the Mopra telescope (a single dish 22m radio telescope in NSW, Australia)
in the study of dense molecular gas towards TeV (and some GeV)
gamma-ray sources. Gas tracers used include CS(1-0),
SiO(1-0) at 7mm wavelengths (1 arcmin beam FWHM) and the 12mm (2 arcmin beam FWHM) inversion transitions of NH3.
Data for our project has come from proposals
M318, M389, M390, M407, M519, M521, M522, M569, M570, M591, M634, M648. Our observation programme (2013-2015) was supported
by direct funding from the Universities of NSW and Adelaide. Operations in 2016/2017 were funded by an ARC LIEF project with eight
partner institutes
(U. Adelaide, UNSW, U. Sydney, West. Syd. Uni., Macquarie Uni., U. Tas, Nagoya Uni., Max Planck Institute for Nucl. Physics.),
and in 2018 by U. Adelaide, UNSW, U. Sydney, West. Syd. Uni., Macquarie Uni., U. Tas, and Nagoya Uni..
Project Team and Collaborators
A/Prof. Gavin Rowell (lead, Adelaide), Prof. Michael Burton (Armagh Obs.), Prof. Yasuo Fukui (Nagoya), Prof. Bruce Dawson (Adelaide), Dr. Nigel Maxted (UNSW), Prof. M. Filipovic (WSU), Dr. Graeme Wong (WSU), Dr Catherine Braiding (UNSW), Dr. Andrew Walsh (Curtin), Prof. Felix Aharonian (DIAS/MPIK), Dr. Stefan Ohm (DESY, Zeuthen)
Adelaide Postdoc - Fabien Voisin; PhD students - Phoebe de Wilt, Jarryd Hawkes, James Lau, Rebecca Blackwell, Kirsty Feijen; MPhil students - Cameron Snoswell, Andrew Curzons; Hons student - Tiffany Collins. Past students include Brent Nicholas (now at DSTO) and Nigel Maxted (now a postdoc at UNSW).
Project Contact
A/Prof. Gavin Rowell: Email: growell at physics.adelaide.edu.au
Related ISM Projects
Several of our team are also involved in other ISM projects (Mopra CO Survey, Mopra CMZ Survey, HOPS, MALT45-FullStrength) and make use of ATCA 7mm data from MALT45 (Pilot), CO data from Nanten/Nanten2, HI data from SGPS, and atomic carbon CI data from HEAT.
Target List
The targets we have covered so far are listed below. To first order, our Mopra observations cover the full extent of the TeV/GeV source unless indicated by specific comments or a linked publication. Observations are 'on-the-fly' mapping unless indicated. Note that Mopra CO Survey (3mm) coverage includes targets within Galactic l=250 to 010 deg, b=-1.0 to +1.0 deg. FITs cubes available for download are corrected to Mopra's efficiency (according to Urquhart et al 2010) and so are in 'main beam' brightness temperature units - T_mb
| Name | Gal. Coords l,b (deg) |
Publication(s) and/or Responsible Persons |
Images/Data for Download |
|---|---|---|---|
| HESSJ1018-589 | 284.24,-1.73 | Voisin etal. 2019 (7mm) | |
| HESSJ1023-575 (Westerlund 2) | 284.19,-0.39 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Hawkes etal. 2014 (7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1026-582 | 284.80,-0.52 | Voisin etal. 2019 (7mm) | |
| HESSJ1119-614 | 292.10,-0.49 | Voisin etal. 2019 (7mm) | |
| HESSJ1303-631 | 304.24,-0.36 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Voisin etal. 2019 (7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1418-609 | 313.25,+0.16 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Voisin etal. 2019 (7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1420-607 | 313.56,+0.27 | deWilt (12mm) Voisin etal. 2019 (7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1534-571 | 323.6,-1.0 | Maxted etal. 2018 (3mm,7mm) | Images 12CO(1-0) 13CO(1-0) HI |
| 2FGLJ1554.4-5317c | 327.5,0.0 | Lau | |
| HESSJ1614-518 | 331.52,-0.58 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) 7mm part covered by MALT45 Lau etal. 2017 (3mm,7mm) | 7mm images :
7mm.tar.gz 3mm images : 3mm.tar.gz |
| HESSJ1616-508 | 332.19,-0.14 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Pointon (7mm) 7mm includes coverage by MALT45 Lau etal. 2017 (3mm,7mm) |
7mm images :
7mm.tar.gz 3mm images : 3mm.tar.gz |
| HESSJ1626-490 | 334.77,+0.05 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) deWilt (7mm) |
12mm peak pixel images (H69alpha, HC3N(3-2), H20, NH3-1-1, NH3-2-2, NH3-3-3): 1626.tgz |
| HESSJ1632-478 HESSJ1634-472 |
336.38,+0.19 337.11,+0.22 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Hawkes (7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1640-465 HESSJ1641-463 |
338.32,-0.02 338.52,+0.09 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Lau etal. 2016 (3mm,7mm) |
cubes:
CS(1-0)
C34S(1-0)
SiO(1-0)
HC3N(5-4)
CH3OH-I integrated images (tgz archive): CO(1-0) 12mm peak pixel images (H69alpha, HC3N(3-2), H20, NH3-1-1, NH3-2-2, NH3-3-3): 1640_1641.tgz |
| HESSJ1646-458 (Westerlund 1) | 339.55,-0.35 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Ohm, Snoswell, Rowell (3mm,7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1702-420 | 344.30,-0.18 | Lau etal. 2019 (3mm) | integrated images (tar.gz archive):
CO(1-0)
13CO(1-0)
HI |
| RXJ1713.7-3946 | 347.28,-0.38 | Curzons, Rowell (3mm) Maxted et al. 2013 Maxted et al. 2012 |
cubes: CS(1-0) C34S(1-0) SiO(1-0) HC3N(5-4) CH3OH(7-6)_A++ |
| HESSJ1714-385 (CTB37A) | 348.41,+0.13 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Maxted et al. 2013(7mm) |
cubes: CS(1-0) C34S(1-0) SiO(1-0) HC3N(5-4) CH3OH(7-6)_A++ |
| HESSJ1731-347 HESSJ1729-345 |
353.57,-0.62 353.44,-0.13 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Maxted et al. 2018 (3mm, 7mm) |
12mm peak pixel images (H69alpha, HC3N(3-2), H20, NH3-1-1, NH3-2-2, NH3-3-3):
1729_1731.tgz 3mm, 7mm images: HESSJ1731_1729.zip |
| HESSJ1745-290 (SgrA*/SgrA-East?) HESSJ1741-302 |
359.94,-0.04 358.40,+0.19 |
Blackwell, Burton, Rowell Covered by Mopra CMZ Survey | |
| HESSJ1745-303 | 358.94,-0.64 | deWilt (7,12mm) deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) deWilt etal. 2012 (12mm) |
12mm peak pixel images (H69alpha, HC3N(3-2), H20, NH3-1-1, NH3-2-2, NH3-3-3): 1745.tgz |
|
HESSJ1801-233 HESSJ1800-240a,b,c (W28) |
6.66,-0.27 5.90,-0.37 (b) |
Nicholas et al. 2012(7mm) Nicholas et al. 2011(12mm) Maxted et al. 2016 deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) |
cubes:
CS(1-0),
C34S(1-0),
13CS(1-0),
SiO(1-0),
HC3N(5-4),
CH3OH-I cubes: NH3(1,1), NH3(2,2), NH3(3,3), NH3(6,6), H2O, HC3N(3-2), HC5N(10-9), H62alpha, H65alpha, H69alpha cubes and images from Maxted et al 2016 here |
| HESSJ1804-216 | 8.40,-0.03 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Feijen etal. 2020 (3mm, 7mm) Feijen etal. 2022 (3mm) |
12mm peak pixel images (H69alpha, HC3N(3-2), H20, NH3-1-1, NH3-2-2, NH3-3-3):
1804.tgz 3mm 12CO, 13CO integrated intensity images; Total column (atomic+molecular) density images: 12CO.zip, 13CO.zip, Total.zip, |
| HESSJ1809-193 | 10.92,+0.08 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Voisin etal. 2019 (7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1813-178 | 12.81,-0.03 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) | |
| SGR1806-20 | 10.0,-0.2 | Hawkes | |
| HESSJ1825-137 HESSJ1825-137N |
17.82,-0.74 16.88,-1.28 |
deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Voisin (7mm) Voisin etal 2016 |
cubes:
CS(1-0) images: CS(1-0) 20-40 km/s, CS(1-0) 40-60 km/s, CS(1-0) 60-80 km/s |
| Swift J1834.9-0846 (SGR) | 23.3,-0.3 | Hawkes | |
| HESSJ1848-018 | 31.00,-0.16 | deWilt (7,12mm) deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) deWilt etal. 2012 |
12mm peak pixel images (H69alpha, HC3N(3-2), H20, NH3-1-1, NH3-2-2, NH3-3-3): 1848.tgz |
| HESSJ1858+020 | 35.58,-0.58 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) | |
| HESSJ1908+063 | 40.39,-0.79 | Rowell (7mm) | |
| W49A W49B | 43.2,0.0 | Rowell (7 mm) | |
| HESSJ1912+101 | 44.36,-0.08 | deWilt etal. 2017 (12mm) Maxted (7mm) |
|
| HESSJ1923+141 (W51) |
49.12,-0.36 | Rowell (7mm) | |
|
SGR/AXPs - Deep pointings (7/12mm) Southern (dec<20deg) SGR/AXPs from the McGill Catalog |
Hawkes |